Egypt is one of the mysterious places in the world and had been listed in the Seven Wonders of the World. Besides its mystique, there are lots divisions of arts found by archeologist. Painting, writing, sculpture and architecture are the example of art found in this era. Egyptian civilization is renowned for its colossal pyramids, colonnades and monumental tombs. The famous architecture are the Pyramid of Djoser designed by ancient architect and engineer called Imhotep.
Another example of the architecture found are Sphinx, and the temple of Abu Simbel.
The pyramid was built for the burial of Pharaoh Djoser in the 27th century BC. It is the central feature of a vast mortuary complex in an enormous courtyard surrounded by ceremonial structures and decoration. Djoser was the first king of the third Dynasty. He is believed to have ruled for 19 years.
Besides of its architecture, the sculptures also fascinate people who watch. The sculpture found was highly stylized and symbolic. The ancient art of Egyptian sculpture are built in order to represent the ancient Egyptian Gods, Pharaohs, and the Kings and Queens, in physical form.
Moreover, massive statues were built to represent gods and famous kings and queens. These statues were supposed to give eternal life to the kings and queens, and to enable the subjects to see them in physical forms.
Whether there was real portraiture in Ancient Egypt or not is still debated till now.
Brazil, one of the largest numbers of the uncontacted indigenous people in the world, regarding the survey of FUNAI in 18.1.2007. The Indigenous peoples in Brazil ( in Portuguese: povos indígenas no Brasil) comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups.
The word índios ("Indians"), was by then established to indicate the peoples of the New World and stuck being used today in the Portuguese language to classify these kind of peoples, while the people of India are called as indianos in order to differentiate these two peoples.
At the time of European discovery, the indigenous peoples were traditionally mostly nomad tribes who depending on hunting, fishing, and migrant agriculture. Many of the estimated 2,000 nations and tribes which existed in 1500, died out as a consequence of the European settlement in that area, and many were assimilated into the Brazilian population.
The indigenous population has declined from a pre-Columbian high of an estimated at below 4 million to some 300,000 in 1997, grouped into some 200 tribes. Somehow, the dated linguistic survey found 188 living indigenous languages with 155,000 total speakers.
Figure shows Terena tribe in Brazil.
When the Portuguese discoverers first arrived in Brazil in April 1500, they found that there is a widely population in coastline, consist hundreds of thousands of indigenous people living in a "paradise" of natural riches. Pedro Álvares Cabral, the commander of the discovery fleet which landed in the present state of Bahia, wrote a letter to the King of Portugal describing in glowing terms the beauty of the land.
At the time of European discovery, the territory had as many as 2,000 nations and tribes. When the Portuguese arrived in 1500, the Indians were living mainly on the coast and along rivers and the riverbanks. Initially, the Europeans saw the natives as noble savages, and discrimination of the population began right away. Tribal warfare, cannibalism, and the pursuit of Amazonian for its treasured red dye convinced the Portuguese that they should "civilize" or “teach” the Indians how the civilized people live. But the Portuguese, like the Spanish in their North America territories, had unknowingly brought diseases with them which many Indians were helpless due to lack of immunity and medication. Measles, smallpox, tuberculosis, and influenza many of them. The diseases spread quickly along the indigenous, and whole tribes were likely being cleansing without ever come in contact with those Europeans.
Slavery and the Bandeiras
Eventually, the mutual feeling of noble savages about those Indians end quickly. The Portuguese colonists, all males, started to have children with female Indians, creating a new generation of mixed-race people who spoke Indian languages (a Tupi language called Nheengatu). The children of these Portuguese men and Indian women formed the majority of the population. Groups of fierce conquistadores' sons organized expeditions called "bandeiras" (it means flags) into the backlands to claim the land to the Portuguese crown and to look for gold and precious stones.
Intending to profit from sugar trade, Portuguese decided to plant sugar cane in Brazil, and use the indegenous slave. This is due to the sucessive of the Spanish of doing so toward the Africans. But the indegenous were hard to catch and later, infected by the desease encourage the settlers and the traders to start importing Africa slaves.
